CO_2减排林特征及生态预警分析

Characteristic analysis and ecological early-alarming of carbon dioxide storage forest

基于干旱区CO_2减排林区自然地理与环境背景,以SPAC系统理念,重点研究减排林水盐耦合规律、生态安全机制以及减排林生态效应等问题;特别是从减排林区合理生态水位界定、水环境监测与人工调控等方面研究减排林区水资源的时空变化特征.研究表明:地下水合理生态水位以2.5~5.0m为宜,地下水中的全盐Mg^(2+)和Cl^-的变化最为明显,并通过布设样地取样、监测及实验室分析,揭示水盐动态变化及互馈关系.将结果推广到整个减排林区,约有62.5%林区属于中警水平,风险等级较高.最后从减排林区生态安全预警与风险分析及水土资源合理利用的模式等方面,探讨减排林区可持续发展的若干问题.

Using principle and methdology of geo-information science and hydrological ecology,based on the background of natural geography and ecological environment,some problems of CDSF are studied with the idea of SPAC.The issues including eco-system serve value,water and salt coupling,eco-safety mechanism,and ecological effects,etc..In particular,the spatial and temporal characteristics of water resource are studied which includes the variation characteristics of surface water resource,rational groundwater depth and eco-water demand,water environmental monitoring and man-made management.The research shows that reasonable ecological groundwater depth should be between 2.5and 5.0meters,meanwhile,the Mg^（2＋） and Cl^- of total salt in the groundwater are changed obviously.Futhermore,the coupling relation between water and soil are studied based on feedback analysis and dynamic change of water and salt,driving force analysis of coupling between water and salt respond mechanism to water and soil elements.A total of area in CDSF is about 62.5% belong to the serious alarming area,the corresponding risk level is higher.In addition,some problems of eco-safety and sustainable development are studied based on building up eco-safety index system,early-alarming and risk analysis,and the sustainable utilization mode and approach of water and soil resource.