城市老人对孝行期待变化研究——以杭州市上城区老人个案为基础的考察

The Change of City Elderly Filial Piety Expectations:A Case Study in Hangzhou

现代性、个体化的思想随着大陆市场经济的发展和中国社会的变迁使包括孝道在内的很多传统价值观发生变化。这一变化不仅发生在青年群体当中,而且也发生在一般被认为较为传统的老人群体中。老人对孝道观念的变化与青年人不同,需要经历一个冲突与融合的过程。一方面老人与子女的互动过程中,发生矛盾不断调适、妥协,最后被动改变;另一方面,老人受到社会互动和大众传媒的影响,自身也进入了不断个体化的过程,对于孝的观念、认知发生了变化。外在的影响和内在的压力双重作用之下,城市老人或主动或被动地调整自己对孝道的认知,降低自身对子女的孝行标准和期待,并最终与子女达成一定的共识。

The development of market economy and social changes have effected the trans- formation of many traditional values, including filial piety and individualism. The change not only occurs in young people, but also in the elderly who are generally considered tradition- al. The change in the value of filial piety with the elderly is different from the young, and undergoes a long process of conflict and compromise. On the one hand, in the process of in- teraction with their children, the old people discover the difference and the conflict with their children, which propel them to change their old behavior pattern and conception. On the other hand, because of the media and the interaction with the people around them, they gradually change their values and expectations of filial piety. On account of these two as- pects, the old people in cities lower their requirements and expectations of filial piety from their children, and reach a consensus with them.