大学生体育锻炼对正、负性情绪体验的影响

Effects of Exercise on Positive and Negative Affect Experience among College Students

目的：考察大学生体育锻炼现状及体育锻炼对个体正负性情绪体验的影响。方法：采用大学生体育锻炼调查问卷和正负性情绪量表对300名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果：跑步是大学生选择最多的锻炼项目（70.3%）;强身健体是大学生锻炼的主要目的（80.7%）;制约大学生参加体育锻炼既有主观因素也有客观因素;大学生主要选择与朋友、同学一起锻炼（65.7%）;以中等以下强度的锻炼为主（50.3%）;每次锻炼时间在30分钟以上的人数较多（51.0%）;每月锻炼2-3次的人数最多（32.7%）。方差分析表明,不同体育锻炼方式大学生在正、负性情绪体验上有显著差异（F=8.912,4.254;P〈0.01）。不同体育锻炼强度大学生在正、负性情绪体验上无差异。不同锻炼时间大学生在正、负性情绪体验有显著差异（F=11.619,P〈0.01;F=2.968,P〈0.05）。不同锻炼频率大学生在正性情绪体验上有显著差异（F=7.291,P〈0.01）,在负性情绪体验上无差异。结论：体育锻炼可以同时提高正性情绪体验和降低负性情绪体验。

Objective：To investigate current status of college students＇ exercise and the effects of exercise on positive and negative affect experience among them.Methods：300college students were assessed with college students exercise questionnaire and the Positive and Negative Affective Scales.Results：Jogging was college student＇s most frequently-used exercise form（70.3%）;Improving health was their most common purpose to exercise（80.7%）;There were objective and subjective causes to restrain them from exercise;College students mainly chose exercise with their friends and schoolmates（65.7%）,medium or low intensity exercise（50.3%）,exercise more than 30 minutes each time（51.0%）,and exercise 2-3times every mouth（32.7%）.The ANOVA revealed that there were significant difference in positive and negative affect experience among students with different exercise patterns（F=8.912,4.254;P〈0.01）,exercise time（F=11.619,2.968,P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in positive and negative affect experience among students with different exercise intensity.Significant difference was only found in positive affect experience among students with different exercise frequency（F=7.291,P〈0.01）.Conclusion：Exercise can both increase college students＇ positive affect experience and decrease their negative affect experience.