戒烟门诊男性求助者短期烟量减少对长期戒烟的影响

Impact of short-term smoking reduction on long-term smoking cessation among male smokers in the smoking cessation clinic

目的探讨戒烟初期吸烟量减少对吸烟者的长期戒烟率的影响,为戒烟措施的制定提供依据。方法选取2008年10月至2013年8月,自愿到解放军总医院戒烟门诊就医的398例男性吸烟者为调查对象,并愿意接受随访,且整个戒烟过程中未使用任何戒烟药物。主要评价指标为6个月随访未戒烟者的成功减量率和1年随访时点戒烟率。采用SPSS19.0软件进行t检验、χ2检验及logistic回归分析。结果基线时共398例男性吸烟者符合纳入标准,6个月随访时191例仍在吸烟,其中87例成功减量（成功减量率为45.5%）。6个月随访成功减量的影响因素包括尼古丁依赖程度低和家里有其他吸烟者[分别为OR=2.34（95%CI：1.07~5.10）,OR=2.85（95%CI：1.16~7.00）]。6个月随访时未成功减量的吸烟者,1年随访7 d时点戒烟率为7.7%;6个月随访时成功减量的吸烟者,1年随访7 d时点戒烟率为17.2%,其调整后OR=2.56（95%CI：1.01~6.46）。结论戒烟门诊男性吸烟者短期成功减量可以促进长期戒烟。

Objective To explore the impact of short-term smoking reduction on long-term smoking cessation among male smokers in the smoking cessation clinic and to provide the basis for smoking cessation. Methods The subjects were 398 male smokers in the smoking cessation clinic from Oct. 2008 to Aug. 2013. All subjects did not use any smoking cessation medications. The main assessment indexes were the successful smoking reduction rate at 6-month follow-up and the quit smoking rate at 1-year followup. Chi-square test, t test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze all data by SPSS 19.0. Results There were 398 eligible male smokers recruited at baseline time. At 6-month follow-up 191 smokers did not quit smoking, but 87 smokers（45.5%） reduced daily cigarette consumption by 50% as compared to baseline time. The influencing factors of successful smoking reduction at 6-month follow-up included the low nicotine dependence level and other smokers at home（OR =2.34, 95%CI： 1.07-5.10 and OR=2.85, 95%CI： 1.16-7.00, respectively）. In smokers without successful smoking reduction at 6-month follow-up, the quit smoking rate at 7-day point of 1-year follow-up was 7.7%, but in smokers with successful smoking reduction at 6-month follow-up, the quit smoking rate at 7-day point of 1-year follow-up was 17.2%（OR=2.56, 95%CI： 1.01-6.46 after adjust, P0.05）. Conclusion A short-term smoking reduction can improve the long-term quit smoking rates among male smokers in a smoking cessation clinic.