基于SWOT-QSPM模型的我国天然气产业竞争战略研究

A Study on the Competition Strategies of Chinese Natural Gas Industry Based on the SWOT-QSPM Model

近几年,我国天然气产业在国家有关政策的大力支持下发展迅速,但仍面临煤炭、石油及新能源的全方位挑战,为提高我国天然气产业竞争力,有必要制定相应的竞争战略。基于此,利用具有定性与定量分析相结合优势的QSPM矩阵,构建我国天然气产业的SWOT-QSPM模型,准确评价我国天然气产业的竞争态势。在我国天然气产业外部因素综合评价和内部因素综合评价方面,分别建立EFE矩阵和IFE矩阵,得出我国天然气产业一定程度上可以抓住外部机遇、抵制外部威胁,可以把握优势、抵御劣势的结论。通过SWOT战略四边形和QSPM矩阵分析得出我国天然气产业竞争战略,结果表明,我国天然气产业应采用成本领先战略。为保证成本领先战略的顺利贯彻落实,我国天然气产业需采取相应的对策,主要包括实施全过程成本控制;健全成本管理控制系统,实施全员控制;深化体制改革,降低体制成本;完善天然气管网等基础设施建设等。

Benefiting from government support,China＇s natural gas industry has been growing rapidly in re- cent years.However,the industry is still facing challenges from coal,petroleum and new energy sources.In or- der to enhance the competitiveness of its natural gas industry,it is quite necessary for China to develop a competition strategy for the industry.To this end,based on a QSPM matrix which combines the advantages of qualitative and quantitative analyses ,researchers have developed an SWOT-QSPM model for the Chinese natu- ral gas industry in order to accurately assess the competition the industry is facing.They have developed an EFE matrix and an IFE matrix respectively for assessment of the industry＇s external and internal factors and concluded that the Chinese natural gas industry could seize external opportunities while resisting external threats and leverage its advantages while minimizing the effect of disadvantages.Through the SWOT strategic quadrangle and QSPM matrix analyses ,these researchers developed a competition strategy for the Chinese nat- ural gas industry.According to their conclusions,the industry should adopt a cost-leading strategy.In order to ensure a successful implementation of this strategy ,the industry should put in place corresponding countermea- sures ,including carrying out whole-process cost control,perfecting its cost management and control system and implementing a control involving every staffer,deepening system reform to reduce system cost and improving construction of infrastructure including natural gas pipeline networks.