世界油页岩研究开发利用现状——并记2015年美国油页岩会议

Global Oil Shale Research,Development and Utilization Today——Oil Shale Symposium held in US in 2015

2015年10月在美国犹他州盐湖城召开了第35届国际油页岩会议。近一年中国、爱沙尼亚、巴西、澳大利亚、美国、约旦、土耳其等7个国家的油页岩生产及研究有了新的进展。目前世界上油页岩干馏生产页岩油的国家只有中国、爱沙尼亚和巴西,2015年共生产页岩油约151×10^4t。随着原油价格的持续降低,预计今后几年世界页岩油产量将会减少。抚顺矿业集团引进的日加工6000t颗粒油页岩的塔瑟克（ATP）干馏装置已能连续运转生产页岩油。爱沙尼亚VKG公司最近几年开始建设处理颗粒油页岩的改良的葛洛特炉,2015年夏季开始着手设计筹建第三套干馏装置。爱沙尼亚能源集团公司最近建设了由Enefit 140装置改造的Enefit 280装置,页岩油产量比以前增加了近40%,计划2015年底实现满负荷运转。美国至今仍无油页岩干馏炼油的工业生产,但有多家机构在进行油页岩地下或地上干馏炼油的现场开发和基础研究。约旦政府授权了1个地下干馏项目、3个地上干馏项目和1个油页岩发电站。

In October 2015,the 35th International Oil Shale Symposium was held in Salt Lake City,Utah,the United States.In the past 12 months,seven countries made progress in the research and production of oil shale.They are China, Estonia, Brazil, Australia, the United States, Jordan and Turkey.Currently, only China, Esto- nia and Brazil are producing oil from shale using the dry distillation method.In 2015,the three countries pro- duced a total of about 151xlO4t shale oil.As crude oil prices decline,the world＇s shale oil production is ex- pected to fall in the next few years.The ATP dry distillation unit capable of processing 6000t of shale gran- ules per day introduced by Fushun Mining Group is now able to produce shale oil continuously.Estonia＇s VKG is building improved Galoter furnaces to process shale granules and began designing a third dry distil- lation unit in the summer of 2015.Estonia Eesti Energia has recently built an Enefit 280 unit derived from an Enefit 140 unit.The shale oil production at the new unit is nearly 40% higher than that of the old unit. The new unit was slated to start full operation by the end of 2015.There has been no industrial dry distilla- tion unit to produce shale oil in the United States so far,but several institutes are conducting field develop- ment and basic studies on surface or underground dry distillation of oil shale.The Jordanian government has authorized an underground dry distillation project,three surface dry distillation project and construction of an oil shale-based power station.