从内向国际化到外向国际化:后发企业技术追赶的可持续性

From Inward Internationalization to Outward Internationalization:The Technological Catch-up Sustainability of the Latecomer Enterprises

基于技术追赶理论, 选取我国2003～2013 年省际面板数据, 对后发企业从内向国际化到外向国际化的技术追赶绩效进行研究, 同时考察吸收能力及知识产权保护程度的调节作用.研究发现, 现阶段外向国际化可以显著提高后发企业的技术追赶绩效, 而内向国际化却明显阻碍后发企业技术的追赶, 但内向国际化对外向国际化的技术追赶效果依然具有积极的调节作用, 从内向国际化到外向国际化是后发企业实现技术追赶的一个可持续性过程.进一步研究发现, 后发企业的吸收能力对外向国际化的技术追赶绩效具有明显的积极影响, 而对内向国际化的技术追赶效果缺乏统计上的显著性.知识产权保护程度对后发企业内外向国际化的技术追赶绩效均具有显著的积极影响, 即显著加强外向国际化与技术追赶绩效的关系, 而显著减弱内向国际化与技术追赶绩效的关系.

Based on the technological catch-up theory, this study examined the technological catch-up performance of the latecomer enterprises in China concerning their inward internationalization to outward internationalization by using the provincial panel data from 2003 to 2013. Also, it inspected the moderating effects of these enterprises on their absorptive capacity and the degree of the intelligent property protection. It is found that outward internationalization could significantly improve the effectiveness of technological catch-up. On the contrary, inward internationalization obviously hinders it at this stage. However, inward internationalization plays a positive role in technological catch-up effect through outward internationalization. So it is a sustainable process that enterprises realize their technological catch-up from inward internationalization to outward internationalization. Further study found that absorptive capacity has obvious positive influence in technological catch-up through outward internationalization but not inward internationalization. The intelligent property protection has significant positive influence in technological catch-up through both inward and outward internationalization, which significantly enhance the relationship between outward internationalization and the technological catch-up, and weakens the relationship between inward internationalization and the technological catch-up.