我国酸雨地区水体会酸化吗——重庆水体酸化的调查

WILL THE WATERS BE ACIDIFIED IN THE ACID RAIN REGION OF CHINA?——AN INVESTIGATION OF WATER ACIDIFICATION IN CHONGQING

调查结果表明:重庆地区已出现酸化水体,水体 pH 值可低至4.57,ANC 低至77.92μg/L。酸化原因主要与酸沉降、集水区土壤及植被等有关。重庆的水体酸碱度的分布规律大致与土壤酸碱度分布一致。海拔在500m 以下的水体 pH 值多在7～8之间,甚至大于8,且 ANC 和HCO_3^-都高,有较强的缓冲性。而海拔500m 以上的水体,pH 值小于7.0,缓冲能力弱,在长期的酸沉降影响下,由于其集水区土壤缺乏缓冲能力,最终水体将面临进一步酸化。

The results are followed;some waters in Chongqing are acidified,thepH of water body reached 4.57,ANC reached 77.92μeq/1.Fish in the water wereseriously injured.Most likely,the acidification was caused by acid deposition and acidsoil surrounding them.The distribution patterns of acidity of water were the same ofthe pattern of acidity of soils.Waters at the altitute lower than 500m.the acidityare pH7～8 or>8.The ANCs and HCO3- concentrations are higher,the waters were di-fficult to be acidified.But at the altitute higher than 500m,the acidity were pH<7.0,ANCs and HCO3- concentrations were lower,being affected by acid deposition andacid soils surrounding them,the waters will be acidified further in a short time.