高频超声检测终止哺乳后乳腺导管的闭合情况及临床意义

High frequency ultrasound observation of mammary duct closure after termination of breast feeding and clinical significance

目的探讨高频超声检测终止哺乳后乳腺导管的闭合情况及规律,为临床诊疗乳腺导管性疾病提供鉴别依据。方法高频超声检测428例终止哺乳后1年内女性乳腺导管的闭合情况,按终止哺乳时间分为0~2个月、3~4个月、5~6个月、7~8个月、9~10个月、11~12个月6个时段,计算乳腺导管闭合率,分析乳腺导管闭合率与终止哺乳后时间关系。结果 6个不同时间段组乳腺导管闭合率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,5~6个月、7~8个月、9~10个月、11~12个月组乳腺导管闭合率高于0~2个月和3~4个月组（P〈0.05）。乳腺导管闭合率随终止哺乳时间延长而增高（χ2=54.580,P=0.000）。1年后随访,6个不同时间段组乳腺导管未闭合者乳腺导管闭合率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,11~12个月组乳腺导管闭合率低于0~2个月、3~4个月和5~6个月（P〈0.05）。结论终止哺乳后乳腺导管呈逐渐闭合趋势,7个月内乳腺导管闭合率随终止哺乳时间延长而增高,7个月后乳腺导管闭合率随终止哺乳时间无明显变化。因此,终止哺乳后7个月内乳腺导管未闭合可给予观察,7个月以上乳腺导管未闭合出现症状者应及时治疗。

Objective To discuss the closure condition and rules of mammary duct by high frequency ultrasound observation after termination of breast feeding,and provide a basis for identification and clinical diagnosis and treatment of mammary duct diseases.Methods High frequency ultrasound was used to observe the mammary duct closure in 428 cases within 1year after the termination of breast feeding.According to terminating breast feeding after 0-2months,3-4months,5-6months,7-8months,9-10 months,11-12 months,6hours,the duct closure rate was calculated,the relationship between duct closure rate and the time to discontinue nursing was explored.Results The duct closure rate in six different periods were significantly different（P〈0.01）,and 5-6 months,7-8 months,9-10 months,11-12 months were higher than 0-2 months and 3-4 months group（P〈0.05）.The termination of duct closure rate raised with prolonged breast feeding（χ2=54.580,P=0.000）.One year followup indicated that duct closure rate was statistically significant in the six different periods（P〈0.01）,and 11-12 months group was lower than 0-2months,3-4months and 5-6 months（P〈0.05）.Conclusion After the termination of breast feeding,mammary duct was gradually closed.Within 7 months,mammary duct closure rate increased with the termination time of lactation,after 7 months,the breast duct closure rate had no significant change with the termination time of lactation.Therefore,more observation needs when the breast is not closed at the termination of breast feeding within 7 months.More than 7 months when breast duct is not closed with symptoms,timely treatment should be in choice.