精神分裂症患者口腔健康相关生活质量调查

Investigation of Oral Health Related Life Quality of Patients with Schizophrenia

目的：调查精神分裂症患者口腔健康相关生活质量（Oral health-related quality of life,OHRQOL）的影响因素,为采取有效的干预措施提供依据。方法：随机选择广州市民政局精神病院住院精神分裂症患者158例,采用自制的一般资料调查表和中文版口腔健康影响程度量表（Oral health impact profile,OHIP-14）进行横断面调查。结果：OHIP-14表总分为（9.84±11.22）分,4个维度（功能受限;疼痛与不适;心理社会影响;独立能力减弱）得分分别为：（2.01±2.69）、（2.52±2.58）、（2.33±2.86）和（2.98±4.19）分。不同性别组精神分裂症患者在功能限制和独立能力减弱领域得分均具有统计学差异（F=4.421,4.223;P〈0.05）;总病程1-5年组和5年以上组在功能限制领域得分具有统计学差异（F=8.164,P〈0.05）;牙结石发生率、牙龈自发性出血（或压着出血）和牙齿松动发生率分别为94.5%、55.7%和32.3%;患者有无牙齿松动在功能限制,疼痛与不适和心理社会影响领域得分均具有统计学差异（F=3.738,4.150,3.983;P〈0.05）。结论：精神分裂症患者口腔健康相关生活质量差,而且病程越长,OHRQOL得分越低,口腔问题越严重。

Objective：To investigate the impact of oral health related quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and provide the basis for effective interventions.Methods： A total of 158 patients with schizophrenia were randomly selected from Mental Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Administration,and all subjects were cross-sectionally surveyed with self-made general situation questionnaire and oral health impact profile（ OHIP-14 ,Chinese Edition）.Results： OHIP-14 of the total average score was（9.84±11.22）,four dimensions（physical discomfort; pain and discomfort; psychological discomfort;independent ability is abate）mean scores were： （2.01±2.69）, （2.52±2.58）,（2.33±2.86）, and（2.98±4.19）points.Patients with schizophrenia in different gender had significantly different scores in physical discomfort and independent ability is abate（F =4.421,4.223;P〈0.05） ;The total course of 1 to 5 years group and more than 5 years group had significantly different scores in physical discomfort（F = 8.164, P〈0.05） ;Dental calculi incidence, spontaneous gums bleeding（or pressure） and the incidence of loose teeth were 94.5%, 55.7% and 32.3%, respectively;Patients with different loose teeth had different scores in physical discomfort, pain and discomfort, and psychological discomfort （F = 3. 738,4. 150,3. 983 ; P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion： The OHRQOL is poor in patients with schizophrenia, the longer course of the disease,the lower the OHRQOL score.