护士压力、社会支持、心理健康的调查报告

Stress,Social Support and Mental Health of Clinical Nurses

目的：调查综合医院临床护士心理压力、社会支持和心理健康水平现状,分析其影响因素以及三者关系。方法：采用随机抽样法,对415名临床护士进行问卷调查。其中,基本人口学特征间心理压力、社会支持和心理健康水平的比较采用两独立样本的t检验或单因素方差分析,上述三者关系分析采用Pearson相关分析,社会支持的中介效应采用分层线性回归分析。结果：知觉压力量表平均得分（39.67±6.925）分;社会支持评定量表平均得分（35.27±7.910）分;一般健康问卷平均得分（10.99±4.859）分;知觉压力得分在夜班/非夜班（t=-2.20,P〈0.05）、职称（χ^2=4.56,P〈0.05）的分布上存在显著差异;社会支持得分在婚姻状况（t=-8.39,P〈0.01）、年龄（χ^2=7.13,P〈0.01）、工龄（χ^2=12.43,P〈0.01）的分布上存在显著差异;心理健康得分在夜班/非夜班（t=4.08,P〈0.01）、学历（χ^2=6.26,P〈0.01）、医院级别（χ^2=14.75,P〈0.01）的分布上存在显著差异;社会支持、心理压力、心理健康间存在两两相关关系（r12=0.145,r23=0.129,r13=-0.137;P〈0.01）;社会支持在后两者之间存在部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应百分比为17.77%。结论：社会支持是心理压力与心理健康的中介因素。

Objective：To investigate and describe the prevalence of the clinical nurses＇ stress,social support and mental health,and to analysis the influencing factors,and to explore the effect of social support on the relationship between the other two variables.Methods：Questionnaire investigation was conducted in 415 clinical nurses through random sampling.T-test or one—way ANOVA was used to analyze difference of stress,social support and mental health in the demographic characteristics.Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted to explore effects of social support in stress and mental health.Results：The CPSS average score was（39.67 ± 6.925）,the SSRS average score was（35.27±7.910）,and the CHQ average score was（10.99 ± 4.859）.For perceived stress,there were significant differences in night shift（t= 4.08,P〈0.01） and professional title（χ^2=4.56,P〈0.05）.For social support,there were significant differences in marital status（t=-8.39,P〈0.01）,age（χ^2 =7.13,P〈0.01）and years of employed（χ^2 =12.43,P〈0.01）.For mental health,there were significant differences in night shift（t = 4.08,P〈0.01）,education（χ^2= 6.26,P〈0.01） and hospital degree（χ^2 = 14.75,P〈0.01）.The clinical nurses＇ stress,social support and mental health had significant interrelated relationships between each other（rl2 = 0.145,r23 = 0.129,r13 =-0.137,P〈0.01）and social support was intermediate variable between stress and mental health,and the mediating effect made up 17.77%of the total effect.Conclusion：Social support is intermediate variable between stress and mental health.