高原涉核官兵健康素养及影响因素调查

Healthy Literacy and Influencing Factors in Officers and Soldiers from Plateau Involved in Nuclear Weapon

目的:了解高原涉核官兵健康素养及影响因素,旨在为加强涉核官兵自我健康管理提供参考依据。方法:方便抽样选取来疗养的165名高原涉核官兵为研究对象,以孙琦研制的《军队基层官兵健康素养状况调查问卷》为基础,根据涉核官兵的工作性质增加了核辐射防护技能等相关内容,组成高原涉核官兵健康素养调查问卷,以该问卷为工具对研究对象进行健康素养调查。结果:①165名高原涉核官兵中,有50人(30.3%)具备健康素养;②高原涉核官兵健康信念树立及健康行为养成较好,健康技能及健康知识掌握欠缺,官兵健康素养各维度均分由高到低依次是健康信念、健康行为、健康技能、健康知识;③不同年龄、涉核时间、学历、职别、生源地和婚姻状况的高原涉核官兵所具有的健康素养不同,年龄大、涉核时间长的官兵健康素养好于年龄轻、涉核时间短的官兵(X^2=6.9275,8.3593;P<0.05);军官好于士官(χ~2=4.1978,P<0.05);已婚好于未婚(χ~2=4,5408,P<0.05);生源地为城镇的好于农村的(χ~2=5.2272,P<0.05);全日制本科以上学历好于大专及中学学历官兵(χ~2=7.1058,P<0.05)。结论:多数高原涉核官兵不具备健康素养,其健康素养受多种因素影响,相关部门应加大对高原涉核官兵的健康教育及指导力度。

Objective：To learn about healthy literacy and miluencmg factors of officers and soldiers from plateau involved in nuclear weapon,and provide a baseline for promoting of self—healthy—management of officers and soldiers involved in nuclear weapon.Methods：165 officers and soldiers,who lived in plateau and involved in nuclear weapon,were selected as the research objects.Based on questionnaire on health literacy status of army officers and soldiers edited by Sun Qi,a questionnaire on health literacy status of officers and soldiers from plateau involved in nuclear weapon were formed with nuclear radiation protection skills added according to the properties of the officers and soldiers involved in nuclear work.The questionnaire was used as the tool for carrying out the survey.Results：① In 165 officers and soldiers,50 of them（30.3%） had the healthy literacy;②The health belief and behavior of the soldiers and officers were developed well with the lack of health skills and health knowledge.Each dimension scores of healthy literacy,from high to low,were health belief,health behavior,health skill,health knowledge;③The officers and soldiers with different age,duration involved in nuclear,education,job,origin and marital status had different healthy literacy,the officers and soldiers with old age and long time involved in the nuclear better than those with young age and short time involved in the nuclear（χ^2 =6.9275,8.3593;P〈0.05）,the officers better than the soldiers（χ^2=4.1978,P〈0.05）,married better than unmarried（χ^2 =4.5408,P〈0.05）,the officers and soldiers that from the town better than that from the countryside（χ^2 =5.2272,P〈0.05）,those had the full- time undergraduate degree or above better than those with secondary school education（χ^2 =7.1058,P〈0.05）.Conclusion;Most of the officers and soldiers don＇t have the healthy literacy,and the healthy literacy of them is influenced by variety factors.The relevant departments should strengthen the health education and guide the efforts of the officers and soldiers from plateau involved in nuclear.