农村留守儿童家庭功能与心理适应的关系

The Relationship between the Family Function and the Mental Adaptation for the Left-behind Children in Rural Areas

目的:探讨留守儿童家庭功能与心理适应的关系。方法:采用家庭亲密度/适应性量表、抑郁量表、积极/消极情感量表、社交焦虑量表和生活满意度量表对492名农村儿童进行测查。结果:单、双留守儿童的家庭亲密度(F=3.05,P<0.05)、家庭适应性(F=2.88,P<0.05)、积极情感(F=12.19,P<0.01)和生活满意度(F=4.66,P<0.01)的得分均显著低于一般儿童,抑郁(F=8.42,P<0.01)、社交焦虑(F=11.48,P<0.01)的得分则显著高于一般儿童;留守儿童的家庭亲密度、家庭适应性与其生活满意度、积极情感均呈显著正相关;其中,家庭亲密度对生活满意度(β=2.78,P<0.01)、家庭适应性对积极情感(β=2.59,P<0.01)有正向预测效应。结论:留守儿童家庭适应性和亲密度可能是影响其积极情感、生活满意度的重要因素。

Objective：To explore the relationship between family function and mental adaptation for the left-behind children.Methods：Adopting the FACES-II（family adaptability and cohesion scale）,the Depression Scale,the Positive/Negative Affect Scale,the Social Anxiety Scale for Children and the Life Satisfaction Scales to make a survey on 492left-behind children in rural areas.Results：Family cohesion（F=3.05,P〈0.05）and adaptability（F=2.88,P〈0.05）,positive feelings（F=12.19,P〈0.01）and life satisfaction（F=4.66,P〈0.01）of the partial leftbehind children and the complete left-behind children were much lower than the ordinary children,while depression（F=8.42,P〈0.01）and social anxiety score（F=11.48,P〈0.01）were significantly higher than the ordinary children.The family cohesion and adaptability of the left-behind children were positively correlated with their life satisfaction and positive feelings.The family cohesion can predicate the life satisfaction positively（β=2.78,P〈0.01）and family adaptability can predicate the positive feelings positively（β=2.59,P〈0.01）.Conclusion：Family cohesion and adaptability of the left-behind children can be an important factors that affect their positive feelings and life satisfaction.