象征交换与世俗伦理——对鲍德里亚拟像序列理论的反思

Symbolic Exchange and Mundane Ethics:Rethinking Baudrillard's "Orders of Simulacra"

拟像序列理论的提出预示着鲍德里亚的悲观主义转向。本文在梳理、评述现有争论的基础上,对拟像序列理论进行了文本分析,概述了拟像序列理论在批判指认、问题面向、逻辑推理和解救之道等不同环节上的核心思想,最终从立论前提入手认为:鲍德里亚对拟真社会的"批判"与"解决"之间存在逻辑跳跃,他用"真实"概念批判现实,却用"本真"概念给出解决办法,这样做虽然避免了陷入(他本人提出的)拟像序列陷阱,但因囿于"世俗—神圣"的二元框架,而忽视了世俗伦理的前提意义,最终使得拟像序列理论沦为了20世纪"大写解构"的一隅,只能屈从于荒诞玄学和悲观主义。

The emergence of ＂Orders of Simulacra＂ indicates that Baudrillard began to turn to pessi- mism. This article focuses on ＂Orders of Simulacra＂ text analysis, which is on the basis of existing debate about his pessimism turning, summarizing the core idea of ＂Orders of Simulacra＂ in the different link, such as criticizing, the orienting of problem, logical reasoning and the path to save. From the perspective of the prem- ise, this article argues that, there is a logic jumping between criticism and solution to the simulation society in Baudrillard＇ s theory. He criticizes actuality with the ＂truth＂, but solves the problem with the ＂real＂. It avoids falling into the trap of ＂Orders of Simulacra＂ designed by himself, but overlooks the significance of mundane ethics as premise, because of stucking in the binary frame of ＂mundane- sacred＂. It finally makes ＂Orders of Simulacra＂ descendto a corner of Deconstruction of the 20th century, bowing to absurd metaphysics and pessimism.