422例儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体检测结果分析

Pathogens associated with the acute respiratory tract infections: Analysis of the results in 422children

目的:根据Ig M抗体检测结果,分析9种急性呼吸道感染病原体在患儿中的流行情况。方法:使用9项呼吸道病原体Ig M抗体检测试剂盒检测2014年度住院急性呼吸道感染患儿的嗜肺军团菌血清1型(LP1)、肺炎支原体(MP)、肺炎衣原体(CP)、Q热立克次体(COX)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、甲型流感病毒(INFA)、乙型流感病毒(INFB)、副流感病毒1、2、3型(PIVs)Ig M抗体。结果:共检测422例样本,总阳性率31.0%,阳性率最高的是MP,为18.0%,其次是INFB,13.3%,总阳性率随年龄升高而升高(P<0.05),MP抗体阳性率随年龄段升高逐步提高(P<0.05)。MP阳性率在夏季最高(P<0.05),INFB在夏秋季高发(P<0.05)。母乳喂养较人工喂养可降低总的抗体阳性率和MP抗体阳性率(P<0.05),而生产方式和是否足月无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:在422例急性呼吸道感染患儿中有31.0%为病毒或非典型细菌感染,且病原体因年龄和季节而异。母乳喂养可降低抗体总阳性率和MP抗体阳性率,应予鼓励。

Objective： To investigate the prevalence of the 9 species of pathogens associated with acute respiratory infections in children based on the Ig M antibody test results. Methods： The sera were collected from inpatient children with acute respiratory infection in 2014,and tested for the serum Ig M antibody,including Legionella pneumophila 1（ LP1）,Mycoplasma pneumoniae（ MP）,Chamydophila pneumonia（ CP）,Q heat Rickettsia（ COX）,respiratory syncytial virus（ RSV）,adenovirus（ ADV）,influenza A（ INFA）,Influenza B（ INFB） and parainfluenza 1,2and 3（ PIVs）,with commercial PNEUMOSLIDE Ig M test kit. Results： A total of 422 samples were determined,and the overall positive rate was 31. 0%,in which MP ranked first（ 18. 0%）,followed by INFB（ 13. 3%）. Overall,the positive rate climbed with increase of age（ P〈0. 05）. Positive rate for MP antibody was also increased with age group and maximal in summer seasons（ P〈0. 05）,whereas INFB was more prevalent in summer and autumn（ P〈0. 05）. Breast feeding was able to reduce the overall antibody-positive rate and positive rate of MP antibody than bottle feeding（ P〈0. 05）,yet delivery mode and full-term birth or not produced no significant effect on the Ig M antibody（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Of the children with acute respiratory tract infection in our cases,31. 0% were associated with viral and atypical bacterial infection,and the pathogens varied with ages and seasons. Breast feeding may reduce the overall rate of positive antibody and positive rate of MP,and should be encouraged.