重庆市合川区26家医疗机构患者跌倒调查及防范机制研究

Survey on tumble in 26 medical institutions of Hechuan District of Chongqing City and study on its prevention mechanism

目的了解合川区医疗机构患者跌倒情况,获得区域性患者跌倒发生基线,为基层医疗机构患者跌倒措施落实评价奠定基础。方法自制问卷,采用整群抽样方法,对重庆市合川区所辖26家医疗机构(二级综合医院3家、乡镇卫生院及社区服务中心21家、专科医院2家)2011年1月至2013年6月的患者跌倒情况进行调查。结果 26家医疗机构均有患者跌倒发生,其中93.85%为老年患者,所有跌倒均造成患者躯体不同程度损伤。3家二级医院患者跌倒发生率为20.77%。23家其他医院患者平均跌倒发生率为79.23%。医疗机构级别、护士人数、是否进行跌倒培训、是否对跌倒高危人员采取措施、防跌倒参与团队建立是影响医疗机构患者跌倒发生的因素。结论医疗机构在住院患者跌倒防范从树立安全意识,加大人员配,重视对患者跌倒防范相关知识的培训及措施落实,建立防跌倒团队,降低事件发生改善跌倒现状。

Objective To understand the patient tumble situation in the medical institutions of Hechuan District for ob- taining the regional baseline of patient tumble occurrence to lay the foundation for carrying out the preventive measures in the primary medical institutions. Methods The self-designed questionnaire and the cluster sampling method were adopted to conduct the investigation on the patient tumble situation in 26 medical institutions of Hechuan District （2 second grade general hospi- tals, 21 township hospitals and community health service centers, 2 specialized hospitals） from January 2011 to June 2013. Resuits The patient tumble occurred in all 26 medical institutions ,among them 93.85% of tumbled patients were elderly people. All tumbles caused different degrees of body injures. The incidence rate of patient tumble in 3 second grade general hospitals was 20.77% ,which in other 23 hospitals was 79.23%. The grade of the medical institution, number of nurses, tumble prevention train- ing, whether adopting effective prevention measures on high risk tumble people and establishment of the prevention team were the factors contributing to the patient tumble occurrence in the medical institutions. Conclusion The medical institutions for preventing the inpatient tumble should establish the safe consciousness, increase the personnel allocation, pay attention to the training of tumble prevention related knowledge and carry out the preventive measure, establish the tumble prevention team for decreasing the tumble event occurrence and improving the tumble current situation.