高校女硕士研究生的初次就业质量测度与性别比较——基于五所高校的调查

Initial Employment Quality of Female Master's Students and Gender Comparison on the Basis of an Investigation of Five Universities

女硕士研究生的就业质量是一个重要而缺乏关注的问题。对江西省五所高校252名硕士毕业生的调研表明,男生和女生的初次就业质量分别为81.33分和80.32分,男生总体上优于女生。但从其内部结构看,女生客观就业质量为60.97分,略高于男生的60.95分,表明女生的就业环境有所改善,显性的制度歧视减少;而女生的主观就业质量得分为19.35分,明显低于男生的20.38分,这主要是由于传统的两性分工要求女生更多地照顾家庭,导致女生就业要求高,工作投入少,因而其对就业现状和前景评价低所致。对此,女生应主动打破传统观念的桎梏,自强进取;学校和用人单位也应进一步采取措施,加强对女研究生就业的专项指导,消除在就业和职业发展中隐性的性别歧视。

The employment quality offemale master＇s students survey of 252 master＇s students from five universities in Jiangxi has not received sufficient attention despite its importance. A province shows that the ratings of initial employment quality of males and females are 81.33 and 80. 32, respectively. Internally, the objective quality rating of 60. 97 for females is higher than that of 60. 95 for males, suggesting that females＇ employment environment is improved with reduced institutional discrimination while the subjective rating of 19. 35 for females is lower than males＇ 20. 38 as a result of females＇ lower expectations of their present and future job prospects due to traditional gender labor division characterized by more family responsibility by females that may lead to less devotion to their employment. To change the situation, women students should break away from old traditions and strive for self-improvement, and employers and universities should take effective measures to eliminate sexual discrimination and provide better career development for women.