摘要
不稳定的有机化合物(VOC ) 和羰基混合物在 50 个住处在室内并且在户外被测量在加热的北京(2011 年 12 月) 和非加热的季节(4 月 /5 月， 2012 ) 。为 VOC 的 SUMMA 罐和为羰基混合物的散开的刺绣花样在每个地点为 24 h 被部署，并且 94 混合物被确定。甲醛，丙酮和乙醛与是的室内的中部的集中在室内并且在户外是最丰富的羰基混合物 32.1， 21.7 和 15.3 g ??
Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and carbonyl compounds were measured both indoors and outdoors in 50 residences of Beijing in heating （December, 2011） and non-heating seasons （April/May, 2012）. SUMMA canisters for VOCs and diffusive samplers for carbonyl compounds were deployed for 24 h at each site, and 94 compounds were quantified. Formaldehyde, acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds both indoors and outdoors with indoor median concentrations being 32.1, 21.7 and 15.3 μg·m-3, respec- tively. Ethane （17.6 μg·m-3）, toluene （14.4 μg·m-3）, pro- pane （11.2 μg·m-3）, ethene （8.40 μg·m-3）, n-butane （6.87 μg·m-3）, and benzene （5.95 μg·m-3） showed the high median concentrations in indoor air. Dichloromethane, p- dichlorobenzene （p-DCB） and toluene exhibited extremely high levels in some residences, which were related with a number of indoor emission sources. Moreover, isoprene, p- dichlorobenzene and carbonyls showed median indoor/ outdoor （I/O） ratios larger than 3, indicating their indoor sources were prevailing. Chlorinated compounds like CFCs were mainly from outdoor sources for their I/O ratios being less than 1. In addition, indoor concentrations between two sampling seasons varied with different compounds. Carbonyl compounds and some chlorinated compounds had higher concentrations in the non-heating season, while alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds showed an increase in the heating season. Indoor concentration of VOCs and carbonyls were influenced by locations, interior decorations and indoor activities, however the specific sources for indoor VOCs and carbonyls could not be easily identified. The findings obtained in this study would significantly enhance our understandings on the prevalent and abundant species of VOCs as well as their concentrations and sources in Beijing residences.
基金
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40905069）, China EPA Charity Special Fund （No.201009032）, and State Key Laboratory Special Fund （No. 13Z05ESPCP）.
