近代以来日本文明观的变迁

Changes of Japanese Civilization View in Modern Times

近代以来,原本"以中华为是"的日本传统文明观,先后经历了"脱亚入欧"、"脱欧归日"和"脱日入美"的三次转换。尽管每次"转换"都具有某种"质变"的意义,但新文明观的确立并不意味传统文明观的泯灭,当"入欧"、"入美"取得成效之时,往往也是"发现"传统、试图再造日本式"新文明"的起点。日本的文明观转换留给世人的重要警示是:逆境时知耻而后勇,与时俱进以调整和更新落后观念,则后进者可以奋起直追;顺境时不骄不躁,理性地看待自我和他者,则国家、民族可以长盛不衰。

Since the beginning of modern times,the traditional Japanese civilization view,which took the Chinese culture as their model for granted,has experienced three changes,that is,model changes from Asia to Europe,from Europe back to Japan and from Japan to the United States.Each‘change＇bears some‘change of quality＇to some extent,but the formation of new civilization view does not mean the abandonment of the traditional one.In fact,when the model changes to Europe and to the United States,the Japanese would‘discover＇something new from its tradition and would thus attempt to reconstruct apoint of departure for the‘new civilization＇in the Japanese way.That phenomenon may give the world the following enlightenment：in adversary situation,having encouragement after feeling humiliated,keeping up with the times to adjust and renew their backward views,then one could catch up with the advanced;in favourable circumstances,in the country,one should neither conceited nor rash,but hold a rational outlook for oneself and others,which would function to maintain the prosperity of the country.