从《答客难》看战国与汉武帝时期君王的求贤与士人的不遇

Seeking of Talents by the Monarch and the Scholars Not Being Appreciated During the Warring States Period and the Reign of Emperor Wu of Han from Answer to the Guest's Question

东方朔写的《答客难》一文,对比了战国与汉武帝时期君士关系的变化,揭示了大一统条件下士人不遇的必然性。从历史发展、社会变迁、政治体制的不同去分析解说了战国时期士人的纵横张扬与大一统时代士人的悲摧压抑状况形成的原因。与董仲舒、司马迁相比,东方朔对士不遇现象的认识更深刻,更接近本质,《答客难》一文的思想价值更高。

Dongfang Shuo wrote Answer to the Guest＇s Question and compared the changes of the relationship between the monarch and the scholar in the Warring States period and the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, revealing the inevitability of scholars not being appreciated under the unified conditions.An interpretation is made of the formation of the flamboyancy and persuasive ability of the scholars in the Warring States Period in contrast to the miserable and depressing state of the scholars under the unified conditions from the perspective of historical development, social change and different political systems. Compared with Dong Zhongshu and Sima Qian, Dongfang Shuo had a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of the scholars not being appreciated. Answer to the Guest＇s Question has a higher value in ideology.