论唐代礼官的地位升降与职权变化

On the Status Change and Power Changes of the Ritualists in the Tang Dynasty

唐初礼部与太常寺礼官各司其职,礼部礼官执掌礼制的制定、修改与解释,太常寺礼官根据礼部的指令与意见,负责具体的、事务性的工作。高宗武后时期,主礼乐政令的礼部司礼之责旁落具体事务部门太常寺。安史乱后,掌管礼仪诸务的是以礼仪使为首的,以整顿礼制、制定仪注为主的太常礼院。太常卿多以礼仪使的身份作为重要的司礼官员,负责重要礼乐政令及主要事务。唐代中后期,太常博士及其所属礼院实为制礼与变礼的核心官员和主要机构。

In Early Tang Dynasty, Rites ritualists are in charge of ritual enactment, amendment and interpretation. Taichang Temple ritualists are responsible for specific transactional work according to the instructions and advice of the Ministry of Rites. During the reign of Gaozong with Wu Zetian as the queen, the conducting of rituals previously by the Ministry of Rites was then in the charge of Taichang Temple. After Anshi Rebellion, the affairs of rituals was controlled by Master of Ceremonies based on the Taichang Temple that took the making and rectifying of the rituals as its main task. Tai Changqing,mostly as an important ritual official, was responsible for important rituals, music, decrees and key issues. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, Dr. Tai Chang and his ritual ceremony academy became the real core of the officialdom in terms of making and changing of rituals.