肺表面活性物质在新生儿危急重症的应用

Application of pulmonary surfactant in treatment of neonatal critical illness

肺表面活性物质是位于肺泡上皮细胞表面,由脂质和表面活性蛋白组成的复合物,其最早的临床应用是在上世纪90年代对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的有效治疗.随着肺活性物质研究的深入和功能的揭示,以及相关制剂的改进,肺活性物质的临床应用范围越来越广泛,已被广泛应用于胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、早产儿NRDS的预防、重症肺炎、肺出血、支气管肺发育不良(BPD)和先天性膈疝等领域.

Pulmonary surfactant is a complex composed of lipids and surfactant protein that is found in the alveolar surface of the lung. More than 30 years ago,pulmonary surfactant was first used to treat newborn with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS） and it made a great success. With the in-depth study on lung active substances and its functions,and also the improvement of manufacturing process,pulmonary surfactant plays an important part in a wide range of neonatal critical illness,including meconium aspiration syndrome（MAS）,acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）,prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS）,severe pneumonia,pulmonary hemorrhage,bronchial lung development adverse（BPD） and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.