综合护理干预对糖尿病孕妇妊娠期的血糖控制及妊娠结局的影响分析

The impact of comprehensive nursing intervention on glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in diabetic pregnant women during pregnancy

目的:分析综合护理干预对糖尿病孕妇妊娠期的血糖控制及妊娠结局的影响.方法:选择2013-04/2014-10我院收治的106例糖尿病孕妇,按照入院顺序将患者分为观察组(n=53)和对照组(n=53).对所有患者采取常规护理方式,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上给予综合护理干预.对患者的观察终点为妊娠末期,对患者干预前后的血糖控制水平、糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局以及新生儿在围生期出现的并发症进行记录.结果:干预后,观察组患者的空腹血糖(4.47±0.87)mmol/L显著低于对照组(5.89±0.79)mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖(6.46±1.01)mmol/L也明显低于对照组(7.24±1.21)mmol/L,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组中的早产、妊高症以及胎膜早破的发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组中孕妇新生儿出现高胆红素血症和低体质量儿的发生率显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:综合护理干预对糖尿病孕妇妊娠期的血糖控制及妊娠结局发挥着极为重要的作用,临床护理中应当给予糖尿病孕妇患者足够的重视.依据患者的具体情况,制定出相应的管理计划,通过药物治疗,心理护理,饮食护理,行为干预等方面的综合护理干预措施,控制患者的血糖,降低新生儿的并发症,改善妊娠结局.

AIM： To analyze the impact of comprehensive nursing intervention on glycemic control and pregnancy outcome in diabetic pregnant women during pregnancy. METHODS： A total of 106 cases of pregnant women with diabetes in our hospital from April 2013 to October 2014 were selected as research objects. According to the order of admission,patients were divided into observation group（n=53） and control group（n=53）. All patients received conventional care,and the observation group were given integrated care intervention on the basis of conventional care. End point of observation for patients was the end-stage pregnancy.Glycemic control levels of all patients were recorded before and after intervention. Pregnancy outcomes of diabetic pregnant women and complications of perinatal newborns were recorded and compared. RESULTS： After the intervention,fasting glucose in observation group was（4.47±0.87） mmol/L,and it was significantly lower than（5.89±0.79） mmol/L in the control group,and its 2 h postprandial glucose of（6.46±1.01） mmol/L was significantly lower than the control group of（7.24±1.21）mmol/L,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The incidence of prematurity,pregnancy-induced hypertension and premature rupture in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with a statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia and low body mass for newborns in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Comprehensive nursing intervention plays an important role on glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in diabetic pregnant women,as for the clinical care of patients with diabetes in pregnant women,enough attention should be given. According to the specific circumstances of the patient,appropriate management plans should be made. Integrated care interventions take together with medication,psychological care,diet care,behavioral intervention,and so on,which is good for controlling the patient＇s blood sugar and reducing neonatal complications and improving pregnancy outcomes.