活性多糖构效关系研究评述

Review on structure-activity relationship of active polysaccharides

从结构与活性、理化性质与活性两个角度分别对活性多糖的构效关系进行论述。影响多糖生物学活性的结构因素包括多糖的主链性质、支链性质和多糖分子的高级结构 ,其中多糖主链的糖单元组成、糖苷键类型均直接决定多糖的活性 ,多糖支链的类型、聚合度、支链在多糖链上的分布及其取代度决定了多糖活性大小 ,多糖分子的高级结构如链的柔韧性和空间构像与多糖的活性紧密相关。多糖的理化性质如分子质量。

Latest advances in the structure activity relationship of active polysaccharides are summarized.Structural and physic chemical properties are major factors affecting the biological activity of polysaccharides.Structural factors such as backbone characters,branch properties and superstructure of polysaccharides influence the activities.Such backbone characters as sugar unit composition and types of glycosidic chains play a decisive role in activities of polysaccharides.Branch properties that are deciding degree of activity include types,polymerization degree of branch,distribution of branch along the chains and the degree of branching,etc.Superstructure comprising flexibility and conformation of chain is closely connected with activities.Molecular weight,solubility and viscosity are three of the physic chemical properties affecting the exertion of polysaccharide activities.