甘肃省张掖市甘州区中小学生龋病流行病学调查分析

Epidemiologic survey of dental caries in primary and secondary school student in Ganzhou district of Zhangye,Gansu

目的调查分析甘肃省张掖市甘州区近年来中小学生乳恒牙龋病流行现状,为制订有效的防治策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取甘州区城乡各2所中小学校的1200名学生,由口腔专业医师按照《全国第三次口腔健康流行病学调查》的标准开展乳恒牙龋病流行病学调查,以乳恒牙龋患率、龋齿填充率及龋均作为分析指标。结果甘州区2014年7-14岁中小学生乳牙总龋患率为50.75%,因龋填充率为7.61%,龋均为1.87。恒牙总龋患率为16.08%,因龋填充率为20.03%,龋均为0.53。乳、恒牙龋患率、填充率在城乡间差异有统计学意义。乳牙龋患率与年龄呈负相关,恒牙龋患率与年龄呈正相关。结论甘州区中小学生龋病患病率仍处在较高水平,群众早期防治意识较差,疾病预防控制机构应与学校加强合作,开展健康宣教教育,推行综合防治措施,促进龋病的早期预防。

Objective To understand the prevalence of dental caries in primary and secondary school students in Ganzhou district of Zhangye, Gansu province, and provide evidence for the effctive prevention of dental caries. Methods A total of 1200 students were selected through stratified cluster random sampling from two primary schools and two secondary schools. Dentists examed their teeth according to the third national oral health epidemiologic survey protoccl. Results The deciduous teeth caries rate was 50. 75%, the filling rate of caries was 7.61% and the average caries number was 1.87. The permanent teeth caries rate was 16.08%, the filling rate of caries was 20. 03% and the average caries number was 0. 53. The differences in deciduous/permanent teeth caries rate and filling rate of caries between urban area and rural area were statisitcal significant. The deciduous teeth caries rate was negatively correlated with age, but the permanent teeth caries rate was positively correlated with age. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries in the students was high. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about dental health in children and the cooperation between disease control sector and schools to prevent dental caries in students.