防淡水壳菜附着涂料的快速评价指标体系

Rapid evaluation of anti-fouling coating materials for Limnopernafortunei

涂料防止淡水壳菜附着是一种相对可行、高效的防治方法,提出能够快速评价防附涂料效果好坏的指标是筛选防附涂料的关键依据。该文利用人工附着试验研究了市场上17种商用混凝土防护涂料(聚脲、硅烷、环氧树脂等)防止淡水壳菜附着的效果,分析不同材料上的附着足丝数、附着力强度、表面接触角等,提出防护涂料防淡水壳菜附着性能的快速评价指标。结果表明:淡水壳菜的平均附着足丝数和平均附着力与材料表面的接触角呈负相关关系,与表面自由能色散力分量(Fowkes法)呈正相关关系,与固液界面能(ZDY法)呈负相关关系,与固体表面自由能(ZDY法)呈正相关关系。因此,涂层表面的接触角、表面自由能色散力分量、固液界面能和固体表面自由能等指标大小可以作为防附涂料效果好坏的快速评价指标,将为南水北调等跨流域大型调水工程防附涂料的选择提供科学指导。

Anti-fouling coatings are an efficient control method for the control of golden mussels.Rapid evaluation methods are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-fouling coatings for screening.Forced attachment experiments were used to study the effectiveness of 17 types of commercially available coatings including polyurea,silane,and epoxy resins.The number of attached byssus,the attachment strength,and the contact angle on the materials were indicated by rapid evaluation indices for the coatings effectiveness.The results show that the average number of the attached byssus and the average attachment strength were negatively related to the contact angle on the materials,positively related to the dispersion force component of the surface free energy（Fowkes method）,negatively related to the solid-liquid interfacial energy（ZDY method）,and positively related to the solid surface free energy（ZDY method）of the coatings.Therefore,the contact angle,the dispersion force component of the surface free energy,the solid-liquid interfacial energy and the solid surface free energy were selected as the rapid evaluation indices for evaluating the effectiveness of the anti-fouling coatings.The indices provide scientific guidance for selecting antifouling coatings in large water transfer projects,such as the Southto-North Water Diversion Project.