非法证据排除的当庭裁决制度初探

Reflections on the On-Court Verdict System of Illegal Evidence Exclusion

我国刑事诉讼过程中的侦查、审查起诉和审判阶段都存在着非法证据排除的问题,那么如何协调其中各个环节的制约和配合就成了排除非法证据、做出公正合理审判、提高司法效率的重中之重。本文欲在司法公正的视野下,以控辩双方对于证据的合法性产生争议时能否推行非法证据排除的当庭裁决制度为切入点,探寻该设想在我国现行法律价值观和职权主义诉讼架构下推行的合理性与可行性,分析其在司法实践当中实施的现实障碍,并运用比较法的研究视角,借鉴国外有益经验,提出可行的制度建设和构想,以求得非法证据排除规则在程序设计上的完善。

Illegal evidence exclusion exist in China＇s criminal proceedings including the stage of investigation, review and prosecution, and court trial. Therefore, how to coordinate the restriction and cooperation among different stages become the most important to exclude illegal evidence, make fair judgment, and improve the judicial efficiency. By analyzing whether the on-court verdict on excluding illegal evidence can be done when the prosecution or the defense question the legality of the evidence, the author tries to explore the rationality and feasibility of the idea in China, find practical obstacles to its implementation in the judicial practice, learn useful experience from foreign countries, and put forward feasible ideas on system construction, in order to improve illegal evidence exclusion rules in procedure designing.