《天山》——《西部》进程中的新疆当代文学场和文学制度初考

A Preliminary Examination of Literary System

文学制度不仅指向文学体制、文学机制,也与文学场中文学势力的对比关系、文化资本的配置方式、文学自身的权利诉求、历史主体的自觉参与等密切相关。从作家构成来看,《天山》等不仅是培育本土作家的摇篮,也是展示内地作家"边疆想象"的窗口;20世纪50—80年代《天山》等的编辑队伍、创作稿源、作家队伍、征订启事、版式设计则投射出还未被"中心化"遮蔽的地方文学期刊的良性生态环境;90年代以来《中国西部文学》等期刊的改制危机呈现出中国当代文学场域不断遭遇的制度性压力;更重要的是,从新疆当代文学期刊史的历史衍变来看,文学政策的影响一直居于主导地位。

The literary system not only refers to the literature system and mechanism, but also is closely related to the contrast of literary forces, the allocation of cultural capital, the right of the literature itself,and the conscious participation of historical subjects. In terms of the authors, T ianshan journal was the cradle of the local writer cultivation and also the window on the ＂frontier imagination＂ of inland Chinese writers. During 1950s-1980 s, the editorial team, the source of creation, writers, subscription and layout design of this local journal was in a benign ecological environment, not yet sheltered by ＂centralization＂.Since 1990 s, journals such as ＂China Western Literature＂ were experiencing, in their restructuring crisis, the interleaving political and economic pressure in contemporary Chinese literature field. More importantly, the literary policy has always been dominant, as seen from the historical development of Xinjiang contemporary literature journals.