虚实之间:墓志所见澶渊之盟中张皓事迹的“真实”与“塑造”

Between Virtual and Truth:Epitaph Reflect Zhang Hao's Deeds of Chanyuan Alliance

关于张皓在澶渊之盟中的事迹,沈括在张皓子张牧墓志和《补梦溪笔谈》中的记载与其他史籍有一定差别。墓志资料中,张皓是曹利用滞留大名后重新选派的使者,在曹利用到达契丹行营之前,他曾三次与契丹国主、国母会面并商谈宋、辽和谈事宜,居功甚伟。然在《宋大诏令集》等其他资料中,张皓是沟通石普和宋真宗之间的信使,因被契丹截获而成为沟通宋、辽统治者的中介,从未成为宋朝出使契丹的使者,他在澶渊之盟中的作用仅限于信息之间的传递。墓志材料溢美墓志的写作方式,使得张皓个人形象存在明显的"塑造"痕迹。

There were different images about Zhang Hao＇s deeds on Chanyuan Alliance, which wrote in Zhang Mu＇s epitaph and other documents. In epitaph data, Zhang Hao was an ambassador after Cao li- yong and he had three times communication with Khitan supreme rulers, which iproved that he had a high achievement. However, in other documents, Zhang Hao was the messenger who communicate between Song Zhen- zong and Shi Pu. After being arrested, he had communicated Khitan and Song rulers intermediary, but he never became the Ambassador of Song. Zhang Hao＇s personal image had obvious shaping traces by Epitaphs flattering way of writing.