超声测风传感器测量结果不确定度分析

Measurement Uncertainty Analysis and Evaluation on Ultrasonic Wind Sensors

为研究超声测风传感器的可靠性,需要对其测量不确定度进行测试和评定。选择HDF-720低速回路风洞作为测试环境,以标准二等皮托管为标准器。按照测试规程,进行两项测试:(1)在同一风洞不同风速条件下,将偏转角为0°的超声测风传感器与风杯式传感器进行对比测试;(2)在5 m/s的风速条件下,将超声测风传感器在不同风向角度下进行测试。经过比较分析,分别计算出几种测试结果的不确定度分量及其自由度等。结果表明:超声波测风传感器由于其工作原理,在分析其不确定度时必须考虑不同角度下测试结果的不确定度。超声测风传感器在不同风速下测得的扩展不确定度比风杯式传感器小,即使当下限风速为5 m/s时,其在不同角度下测得的扩展不确定度也比风杯式传感器小,所以超声测风传感器应用于气象领域是可行的。

In order to study the reliability of ultrasonic wind sensors, it is necessary to test and evaluate its measurement uncertainty.This article chooses the low speed loop wind tunnel HDF-720 as the test environment and uses standard second-class pitot tube as the standard device, and according to the test procedures, conducts two tests： （1） At the same wind tunnel under the condition of different wind speed, the ultrasonic wind sensor of 0°deflection angle is made comparison test with the wind cup type sensor.（2）Under the condition of 5 m/s wind speed, the ultrasonic wind sensor is tested under the condition of different wind angles.Through the comparative analysis, the results？ were calculated for？ each uncertainty component？ and its degree of freedom.The results show that： Because of ultrasonic wind sensor＇s working principle, when analyzing its uncertainty, the uncertainty of test results under different angles must be considered.The extended uncertainty of ultrasonic wind sensor acquired under the condition of different wind speed is smaller than that of wind cup type sensor.Even if when the lower wind speed is 5 m/s, the extended uncertainty of ultrasonic wind sensor acquired under the condition of different angle is still smaller than that of wind cup type sensor, so it is feasible for the application of the ultrasonic wind sensors in meteorological field.