走到尽头的社会养老保险

Have Gone to the End of the Social Pension Insurance

本文对国内外社会养老保险领域存在的问题和当前的改革趋势进行分析,论证了养老制度改革的客观事实根据。自德国首创社会保险至今已经120多年了,其间人类社会发生了巨大的变化,但是,社会保险的基本规则并没有发生实质性的变化。那些基本规则已经完全不适合当今的社会实际状况。其中,社会养老保险的问题最为突出,完全可以说它已经走到尽头了。社会养老保险走到尽头的表面现象是国家、企业、个人都觉得自己承担了过重的负担。实际上是因为社会养老保险制度的设计扭曲了在这个领域个人实际承担的责任,不合理地强制个人之间分担现代社会出现的长寿风险。改革当今的社会养老保险体系,首先必须认清工业化国家当初为什么需要建立社会养老保险政策。本文提出的老年生活保障的客观事实根据是:每个人对自然资源的平等权利。以此为根据改革老年人生活保障制度,将使有关政策得到极大的简化和优化。

This paper analyzes the existing problems and the current reform trend of the social pension insurance, and demonstrates the foundation of the reform of the pension system that is based on the objective facts.The basic idea of this paper is that the social pension insurance has been 120 years since it was first created in Germany, great changes have taken place in human society since then, but the basic rules of social insurance have not changed substantially. Those basic rules are not suitable for today's social reality. Among them, the problem of social pension insurance is the most representative, it can be said that it has come to an end. The surface of the problem is the state, enterprises, individuals feel that they have taken a heavy burden. In fact, the essence of the problem is the design of the social pension insurance system has distorted the responsibility of the individual in the field, and it is not reasonable to force people to share the long life of the modern society.To reform the current social pension insurance system, first we must understand why the need to establish a social pension insurance policy in the early industrialized countries. This paper argues that the foundation of life guarantee for old people is everyone has the equal right to the natural resources. Based on this to reform the social pension insurance system, the policy can be greatly simplified and optimized.