放松疗法联合音乐治疗对胃肠道肿瘤患者围术期焦虑及疼痛的影响

Relaxation therapy and music therapy impact on perioperative anxiety and pain of patients with gastrointestinal cancer

目的探讨围术期采用放松疗法联合音乐治疗的心理行为干预对于胃肠道肿瘤患者术后焦虑及疼痛的影响。方法选取安徽省立医院胃肠外科2014年4一10月手术治疗的胃肠道肿瘤患者110例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组58例和对照组52例，对照组采用常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上采用放松疗法联合音乐治疗法的心理行为干预治疗，术后72h内进行术后疼痛及焦虑评价，并进行两组患者术后住院时间的比较。结果两组患者入院时状态焦虑量表（SAI）和特质焦虑量表（TAI）差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），观察组患者术后1，3d的SAI及TAI均低于对照组，术后两组间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），时间对其结果的影响差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；两组患者术后不同时间点的数字评分法（NRS）分值比较显示，观察组患者的NRS分值低于对照组，两组间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），时间对其结果的影响差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；观察组患者在住院天数及术后住院天数均短于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论放松疗法联合音乐治疗能明显改善患者围术期的焦虑，减轻患者手术后的疼痛，对于胃肠道肿瘤患者围术期身心健康及术后康复有积极的促进作用。

Objective To explore the perioperative psychological behavior interventions for patients with postoperative anxiety and pain of gastrointestinal tumor. Methods We selected 110 patients with gastrointestinal cancer during surgical treatment from gastrointestinal surgery department of Anhui provincial hospital from April 2014 to October 2014 and divided them into experimental group （n =58） and control group （ n = 52）. The patients of control group were used conventional care while the patients of experimental group received the psychological behavior therapy, relaxation therapy and music therapy within 72 hours after surgery for evaluation of postoperative pain and anxiety on the basis of eonventional nursing, and we earried on the comparison of two groups of patients with postoperative hospital stay. Results Two groups of patients with SAI and TAI were no statistical difference at time of admitting to hospital （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; the SAI and TAI of the experimental group patients in postoperative one day and three days after operation are lower than those of the control group, and the difference between the two groups after surgery was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the time effect on the result without statistical significance （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; NRS score of different time points after surgery within two groups showed that the experimental group NRS scores were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant between two groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the time effect on the result without statistical significance （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; the experimental group patients in hospitalization days and postoperative hospitalization days were shorter than these of the control group, the difference between the two groups have statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Relaxation therapy and music therapy can significantly improve the patient＇s perioperative anxiety, reduce the pain after surgery. For gastrointestinal cancer patients perioperative health of body and mind and postoperative rehabilitation, it has a positive role.