配偶纳入健康教育路径对初产妇产褥期知识及行为的影响

Effects of spouse including health education path on primipara＇s knowledge and behavior of puerperium period

目的探讨配偶纳入健康教育路径对初产妇产褥期知识及行为的影响。方法选择2014年1—12月住院的顺产初产妇320人，按住院时间分为观察组和对照组，每组160人。对照组由健康教育小组成员按照初产妇健康教育路径表对产妇实施健康教育，观察组在对照组基础上增加配偶健康教育路径表对产妇和配偶实施健康教育。对两组初产妇产后72h的子宫恢复情况和泌乳情况进行评估，比较住院期间产妇并发症和新生儿疾病发生情况，采用初产妇相关知识和健康行为调查问卷比较两组产妇出院后相关知识和健康行为。结果观察组泌乳充足产妇占80．0％，对照组为56．9％，差异有统计学意义（χ2=19．744，P〈0．05）；观察组子宫恢复情况优于对照组（P〈0．05）；出院后3周，观察组产妇母乳喂养相关知识和自我护理遵医依从性评分分别为（5．4±1．2），（29．5±3．3）分，均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2．125，4．287；P〈0．05）。观察组产妇并发症发生率为14．4％，对照组为42．5％，差异有统计学意义（χ2=8．398，P〈0．01）；观察组新生儿疾病发生率为11．9％，对照组为35．0％，差异有统计学意义（χ2=6．009，P〈0．05）。结论将配偶纳入健康教育路径可以提升初产妇产褥期知识，增强产褥期健康行为依从性。

Objective To explore the effects of spouse included health education path on primipara knowledge and behavior in puerperium period. Methods A total of 320 delivery of primiparas were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 160 cases in each group. The control group implemented health education according to primipara health education path table by members of health education group, while the observation group carried out spouse health education path table based on control group for primipara and their spouse. 72 h of postpartum primipara uterine recovery and lactation were assessed during hospitalization, and we observed and recorded the maternal complications and neonatal diseases. The primiparas＇ behavior and knowledge evaluated by primipara knowledge health behavior questionnaire at the time of admission, released from the hospital and discharged after 3 weeks. Results The ample lactation of primiparas accounted for 80.0% in the observation group compared with 56.9% in the control group （ χ2 = 19. 744 ,P 〈 0.05 ） ; womb recovery in the observation group was better than that of the control group; 3 weeks after discharge, the promipara＇s feeding knowledge and medical compliance of self-nursing were （ 5.4 ± 1.2 ） and （ 29.5 ± 3.3 ） , which were higher than those of the control group （ t = 2. 125, 4. 287 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The complication of observation group was 14.4% while it was 42.5% in the control group （ χ2 = 8. 398 ,P 〈 0.01 ） ; the incidence of neonatal disease was 11.9% and 35.0% in the observation group and control group respectively （ χ2 = 6. 009, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The spouse included health education path can improve primiparas in puerperium health knowledge, and enhance their compliance behavior.