东北地区人口分布演变特征及形成机制研究

The Analysis of Evolution Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Population Distribution in Northeast China

采用集中指数、人口重心迁移和空间自相关方法,对1990、2000、2010、2013年东北三省36个地级市的人口分布的时空演化特征进行分析并探讨其形成机制。结果表明:东北地区人口分布的特点是南密北疏,呈阶梯状逐级递减;人口密度增长缓慢,部分城市出现负增长;人口分布有不断集中趋势,人口重心由东北向西南移动;各地区的人口密度存在较强的空间关联性,高—高集聚区集中在辽宁省,低—低集聚区集中在黑龙江省,且均具有好的稳定性。综上,东北地区人口空间演变主要受自然环境、经济发展水平、交通可达性以及历史政策等因素的影响。

Based on population concentration index,population gravity center model,spatial autocorrelation analysis,this study analyzes the temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of population distribution of 36 cities in Northeast China and discusses the formation mechanism by choosing the years of 1990、2000、2010 and 2013.The analysis results show that;the characteristics of the population distribution in the south of the Northeast China is denser than the north and presents a condition of progressive decrease as a ladder from the south to the north;the density of population grows slowly,and some cities appear negative growth;the population distribution has continually central tendency,the population gravity center moves from northeast to southwest;the population density has strong spatial correlation in each city,the H- H agglomeration areas are mainly focused on the Iiaoning province,the L-L agglomeration areas are mainly concentrated in the Heilongjiang province,and both have a good stability.Sum up,the spatial evolution of population distribution of Northeast China is influenced by the natural environment,the level of economic development,transportation accessibility,historical foundations and policies.