某水泥生产项目职业病危害关键控制点分析

Analysis on occupational hazard critical control points in a cement production project

目的运用危害分析和关键控制点(HACCP)理论分析湖南省某水泥熟料生产过程中职业病危害关键控制点。方法应用HACCP理论,结合职业卫生调查法、职业卫生检测法,对该水泥生产线职业病危害因素进行识别,于2014年12月连续3天进行现场检测,并找出该项目职业病危害关键控制点。结果该项目存在的主要职业病危害因素是粉尘(石灰石尘、煤尘、水泥尘、矽尘、其他粉尘)、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫、高温及热辐射和噪声。检测结果表明,23个粉尘检测岗位中7个岗位粉尘浓度超标,超标率为30.43%;14个噪声检测岗位中有3个超标,超标率为21.43%;5个高温检测岗位中2个岗位湿球黑球温度(WBGT)指数超标;化学毒物检测均达标。结论该水泥生产项目职业病危害关键控制因素为粉尘、噪声及高温,关键控制岗位是熟料发货、混合材投料、水泥包装、装卸,水泥包装巡检,煤磨巡检,窑头、窑尾、窑中巡检及水泥磨巡检岗位。

[Objective]To apply HACCP theory in analysis of occupational hazard critical control points in a cement production project of Hunan Province. [Methods]HAPCC theory combining the occupational health investigation method and occupational health inspection method was applied for identifying and assessing the occupation hazards in the cement production line,and finding out the key control points. The field tests were conducted for 3 days in December 2014.[Results]The main occupational hazards were dust （lime stone dust, coal dust, cement dust, silica dust, other dust）, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, heat, thermal radiation and noise. Test results showed that in the workplace, 23 dust positions were detected, 7 positions dust concentration exceeded the standard, with the rate of 30.43%; 14 noise positions were detected, 3 positions＂ noise intensity exceeded the standard, with the rate of 21.43%; 5 heat positions were detected, 2 positions＂ WBGT index exceeded the standard. The chemical detection all reached the standard. [Conclusion]Dust, noise and heat are the occupational hazards key control factors for the cement production enterprise. The clinker delivery, mixed material feeding, cement packaging, loading and unloading, cement packaging inspection, coal grinding inspection, kiln head, kiln tail, kiln and cement mill inspection are the key control positions.