上海市泥城社区老年原发性骨质疏松患者跌倒风险评估

Assessment of fall risk in elderly patients with osteoporosis in Nicheng Community of Shanghai City

目的探讨社区老年人原发性骨质疏松症与跌倒风险的关系,为老年骨质疏松患者跌倒的预防提供依据。方法 2013—2014年对上海市浦东新区泥城社区106名老年原发性骨质疏松患者(观察组)和121名老年非骨质疏松患者(对照组)进行对照调查评价,应用修订版跌倒效能量表调查,采用SPSS 20.0进行统计学分析。结果观察组跌倒自我效能平均得分为(115.41±6.80)分,对照组为(125.88±7.43)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.017,P<0.05)。观察组中既往有跌倒史患者的跌倒自我效能总得分为(109.46±3.78)分,无跌倒史患者的总得分为(120.33±4.37)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-13.546,P<0.05)。老年骨质疏松患者的跌倒风险与年龄、跌倒次数呈正相关。结论泥城社区老年骨质疏松患者是发生跌倒意外事件的高危人群,早期进行风险测评有利于制定适合该人群的预防保健措施。

[Objective]To explore the relationship between osteoporosis and the risk of falling in elderly patients with osteoporosis, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of falls in elderly patients with osteoporosis. [Methods]The fall risk was evaluated with Modified Falls Efficacy Scale in 106 elderly patients with osteoporosis （observation group） and 121 elderly people without osteoporosis （control group） from Nicheng Community of Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2013-2014. Statistical analysis of all data was conducted by SPSS 20.0. [Results]The average score of falls self-efficacy of observation group （115.41± 6.80 ） was significantly lower than the control group （ 125.88 ±7.43 ） （t=- 11.017, P〈0.05 ）.In observation group, the average score of falls self-efficacy of elderly patients with history of falls （120.33±4.37） was significantly lower than without history of falls （120.33±4.37） （t=-13.546,P〈0.05）. The risk factors for falling down in elderly patients with osteoporosis were positively correlation with age and the number of falls.[Conclusion]Elderly patients with osteoporosis is high-risk population for falling down. Prophase assessment and measuring of risk is favour to set up the prevention and health-care measures.