翻译在社会系统中的文化生态位研究

A Study of Translation and Its Cultural Niche in the Social Eco-system

在文化生态学的层面上,翻译的行为方式及其社会文化功能,很大程度上取决于翻译文化在社会系统中的生态位结构,即翻译文化在一定社会阶段、文化语境下的"态"与"势"。翻译文化生态结构决定了翻译的功能发挥,大体有以下几种形态:(1)翻译文化与社会宏观系统文化共态势("顺势")时的文化补充、融合等书写功能;(2)翻译文化与社会宏观系统文化异态势("逆势")时的文化修正、颠覆等改写作用;(3)翻译文化与社会多元文化系统相对态势转换中的文化交互建构功能。

This paper makes an ecological study of the cultural status of translation in the social system,and its cultural functions produced.It can be fairly presumed that translation performs or writes functionally with relevance to its cultural niche in the social eco-system.There are mainly three relevant cases as follows：（1） writing adaptively in conformity with the social eco-system,（2） rewriting when inconsistent with the social eco-system in general,and（3） inter-writing in a co-existent polysystem.