考虑焊接顺序的电力机车枕梁焊接变形预测

Prediction of welding deformation on electric locomotive body bolster by considering welding sequence

根据枕梁实际建造工艺,利用基于固有应变理论为基础的焊接变形分析系统软件Weld-Sta对电力机车枕梁的焊接变形进行计算.首先采用分步装焊模拟法,单独建立每一步的有限元模型,并设置相对应的焊缝,然后对每一步的焊接变形进行单独计算,再将各步结果进行叠加得到最终变形结果.然后采用整体同时焊接模拟法,一次性计算整个模型的所有焊缝同时焊接后的变形,最后将两种方法的最终变形结果与实测数据进行比较.结果表明,考虑分步焊接的方法更接近实测数据,从而验证了该方法的可靠性,为枕梁建造工艺的设计提供了理论指导.

By considering the practical assembly process of the body bolster,Welding structure analysis system( WeldSta) is employed to predict the welding deformation of the structure. Firstly,finite element models and welding lines of each step are constructed. Then,the welding deformation of each step is calculated in corresponding model. Thirdly,the whole welding deformation is summed up by the one from each steps. Finally,the welding deformation of the structure is calculated in one step.By comparing the welding deformation predicted by simulated results including two methods-considering welding sequence and not considering welding sequence with that of measured results,the reliability of this method is confirmed. This study can provide a guideline for the designation and determination of welding procedures on body bolster.