玉米叶纳米纤维素的提取及表征

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Corn Leaf

以农作物废弃物玉米叶为原料,首先去除玉米叶的木质素和半纤维素,获得纯化纤维素,然后通过硫酸水解-超声法提取玉米叶纳米纤维素,并运用XRD、FT-IR、TG和TEM表征纳米纤维素的微观形貌、结构以及热稳定性。结果表明,制备玉米叶纳米纤维素的最佳水解温度60℃,水解时间2 h,硫酸质量分数60%;玉米叶纳米纤维素呈棒状,直径约8 nm,长度150~200 nm,属纤维素I型,结晶度66.5%,起始热解温度为243.43℃,其可作为优良的增强材料应用于塑料加工或纸品生产。

Purified cellulose was obtained from corn leaf,a crop residue by removing lignin and hemicellulose. Nanocellulose was prepared from the cellulose by sulfuric acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic treatment and characterization by XRD,FT-IR,TG and TEM to study its crystal morphology,physical,chemical structure and thermal stability. The results showed that the optimum hydrolysis temperature of corn leaf cellulose was 60℃,the hydrolysis time was 2 h,and the concentration of sulfuric acid was 60%. The diameter of the nanocellulose was about8 nm,with length of 150 ~ 200 nm. The XRD pattern showed the NCC belonged to cellulose I,and the crystallinity of NCC was 66. 5%,the pyrolysis temperature was 243. 43℃. The NCC prepared from corn leaf could be excellent reinforcing materials for the manufacture of plastic and paper products.