俄引与黑龙江春小麦多酚氧化酶活性基因类型的比较

Molecular Identification and Comparison of the Polyphenol Oxidase Genes in Spring Wheat Cultivars Between Russia and Helongjiang Provence

多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性与小麦面粉白度密切相关,为了从外引资源中筛选出更多优良基因型用于品种改良,本研究利用与PPO活性有关的2个遗传位点相连锁的3对STS分子标记,对250份引自俄罗斯和125份黑龙江主栽春小麦品种进行分析。结果显示,对于2AL染色体上的共显性STS标记PPO18而言,俄引品种中182份(72.8%)品种扩增出685 bp特异谱带,即高PPO活性的PPO-2Aa等位基因;68份(27.2%)品种扩增出876 bp特异条带,即低PPO活性的PPO-2Ab等位基因。黑龙江品种中76份(60.8%)品种扩增出685 bp特异谱带,45份(36%)品种扩增出876 bp特异谱带,4份(3.2%)品种未扩增出谱带。对于2DL染色体上的显性互补STS标记PPO16/PPO29而言,俄引品种有109份(43.6%)品种扩增出低PPO活性的PPO-2Da等位基因,141份品种(56.4%)扩增出高PPO活性的PPO-2Db等位基因;而黑龙江品种有60份(48%)品种扩增出低PPO活性的PPO-2Da基因型,65(52%)份品种扩增出高PPO活性的PPO-2Db基因型。2个位点不同等位基因组合共有5种,且在俄罗斯与黑龙江品种间存在不同程度的差别。其中,黑龙江品种中双低PPO活性等位基因组合PPO-2Ab/PPO-2Da较俄罗斯的多5.6%。研究结果为俄引资源用于黑龙江小麦品种改良提供了分子遗传学信息。

Polyphenol oxidase（ polyphenol oxidase,PPO） activity is closely related to the wheat flour whiteness. In order to improve quality of local wheat varieties using Russian germplasm,Three STS markers linked with polyphenol oxidase（ PPO） genes located on chromosome 2AL and 2DL were used to screening 250 wheat varieties derived from Russia and 125 wheat varieties from Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that PPO18,a co-dominant STS marker located on chromosome 2AL,could amplify a 685- bp and a 876- bp fragment related to PPO- 2Aa（ high PPO） and PPO- 2Ab（ low PPO） respectively. For the wheat varieties derived from Russia,PPO- 2Aa and PPO- 2Ab were detected in 182 and 68 varieties,with the frequency of 72. 8 % and 27. 2 % respectively. For that of Heilongjiang Province,PPO- 2Aa and PPO- 2Ab were detected in 76 and 45 varieties with the frequency of 60. 8 % and 36 %respectively,and no bands were detected in 4 varieties with a frequency of 3. 2 %. Two complementary dominant markers located on chromosome 2DL,PPO16 and PPO29,could amplify a 713- bp and a 490- bp fragment in the genotypes with PPO- 2Da（ low PPO） and PPO- 2Db（ high PPO）,respectively. For the wheat varieties from Russia,PPO- 2Da and PPO- 2Db were detected in 109 and 141 varieties,with the frequency of 43. 6 % and 56. 4 %,respectively. For that of Heilongjiang Province,PPO- 2Da / PPO- 2Db were found in 60 and 65 varieties,with the frequency of 48 % and 52 %,respectively. There were five different genotypes combinations between the two PPO markers,and the distribution of genotypes combination was different in varieties of Russia and Heilongjiang. For double low activity genotypes combinations PPO- 2Ab / PPO- 2Da,the distribution in varieties of Heilongjiang Province is 5. 6% more than that of Russia. These results provide molecular genetic information for the utilization of Russian germplasm resources to improve wheat breeding in Heilongjiang Province.