多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析在布鲁菌分型和溯源中的应用研究进展

Progress in application of multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis in typing and traceability of Brucella

布鲁菌病是一种由布鲁菌属感染引起的危害严重的人兽共患病。经典的布鲁菌分型方法将其分为6个生物种22个生物型,DNA-DNA杂交研究显示6个经典物种同源性>90%。多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析(MLVA)依据可变数目串联重复序列(VNTR)特征进行菌株基因分型,在血清分型的基础上进一步分型,阐明了环境菌株和临床菌株的关系,并在布鲁菌病暴发流行调查中得到了广泛应用。该文综述了MLVA技术基本原理、发展概况、优越性及其在布鲁菌分型和溯源中的应用。

Brucella species are responsible for brucellosis,one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases worldwide.Brucella species were divided into 6 species and 22 biotypes. In fact,DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed 90%homology among the 6 classical species by classical typing methods. Multi-locus variable number tandem repeats analyses（ MLVA） have proved to be a powerful tool for epidemiological trace-back studies. MLVA is an alternative,reliable,highthroughput protocol using multiplex PCRs and multicolor capillary electrophoresis. Currently,this method has been widely used in Brucella genotyping. This review focuses on the technical principles,history,superiority and applications in typing and traceability of Brucella.