联合国对国际人权保护机制的构建及中国的参与

The UN Construction of International Human Rights Protecting Mechanism and China's Participation

联合国成立70年来在构建国际人权保护机制方面做出了巨大贡献。联合国通过《联合国宪章》确立人权原则,通过《世界人权宣言》提出人权标准并确定人权内涵。联合国建立了较为完善的国际人权法体系,使得国际人权保护得以落实。通过不断改革联合国人权专门机构,加强其工作职能,联合国不断提升人权的地位和重要性。中国是《联合国宪章》的第一个签字国,还参与起草了《世界人权宣言》,为制定人权标准、确定人权内涵、发展人权概念做出了贡献。虽然中国加入国际人权条约体系有一个从慎重到积极的过程,但现已加入27项国际人权公约并认真履行条约义务。中国还积极参与了联合国人权专门机构的工作,并在其改革过程中发挥了建设性作用。

The UN has contributed to establishing international human rights protection mechanism since 1945.The Charter of the United Nations stipulates the principle of human rights.The Universal Declaration of the Human Rights has proposed the standards of human rights and expanded its connotations.The UN protects international human rights by its comprehensive international human rights law system.In order to continue to promote human rights by higher standards,the UN adjusts its specialized agencies to fit the progress.China was the first signatory state of the Charter of the United Nations and it participated in drafting the Universal Declaration of the Human Rights as well.China contributed to stipulating the standards of human rights,to defining the concept of human rights as well as to expanding the rights' connotation.Although China's participation of the international human rights treaties is a process from discretion to activation,China has conscientiously fulfilled its obligations since it joined in 27 international human rights treaties.China has actively participated in the work of the UN specialized agencies on human rights and played a constructive role in reforming those agencies.