农村老年人口健康水平及其分化研究——基于2011年CHARLS数据的实证分析

Study of the rural elder's health status and stratification: Based on the analysis of the data of CHARLS

目的:了解中国农村老年人口的健康现状及其群体内健康差异情况,为更好发展农村养老服务和健康政策提供建议。方法:基于"中国健康与养老追踪调查"(CHARLS)2011年全国基线调查数据,运用SPSS统计软件进行描述性分析和卡方检验,分析中国农村老年人口的健康水平及其分化现状。结果:超过30.0%的受访者健康自评结果为"不好或更差",89.6%的受访者日常生活能够自理,78.0%的受访者能够独立进行社会活动。结论:中国农村老年人总体健康水平较差,农村老年人口内部健康分化明显,健康分层与社会分层基本吻合。当前针对农村老年人的社会政策应以整合养老服务政策与健康政策为基本导向。

Objective： To understand the rural elder＇s health status and stratification, and to provide suggestions for further improvement of health policy and aging service policy in the country. Methods： Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS） in 2011, we performed the descriptive analysis by the SPSS and Chi-squared test, and analyzed the rural elder＇s health status and stratification.Results： Above 30% respondents chose ＂bad or worse＂ in the self-assessment of health. 89.6% of the respondents were able to take care of themselves, and 78% of the respondents were able to carry out social activities independently. Conclusion： The rural elder＇s total health status is not well. The health stratification is very obvious and keep pace with the result of social stratification. The social policy of the elder should be integrated with the policy of health and aging service.