ICU早期康复治疗的研究进展

Research Progress of Early Rehabilitation Treatment of ICU

随着重症医学的发展,危重患者的抢救成功率有了明显的提高,然而重症患者在ICU治疗期间容易并发ICU获得性衰弱(ICU-AW)、谵妄及认知功能障碍等并发症,严重影响着患者的预后。早期康复治疗在重症患者的治疗中可以减少上述并发症的发生,发挥重要作用,能改善患者预后。早期康复治疗开始及停止时机应根据重症患者呼吸、循环等生命体征情况决定,并根据患者个体情况选择不同的方法。具体的方法包括治疗性运动、经皮神经肌肉电刺激、功能性电刺激等。早期康复治疗在应用的过程中可能存在一定的风险,但风险很小,是安全、可行的,值得在ICU中推广应用,建议制定相应的指南以规范临床应用。

With the development of critical care medicine, critically ill patients rescue success rate has been significantly improved. However, critically ill patients during ICU treatment easily complicated with ICU-AW, delirium and cognitive dysfunction and other complications, a serious impact on patient outcomes. Early rehabilitation therapy can reduce the incidence of complications in the treatment of patients with severe, and plays an important role, also can improve the prognosis of patients. Early rehabilitation treatment start and stop timing should be based on critically ill patients respiratory, circulatory and other vital signs to decide, and choose different methods according to the individual condition of patients. Specific methods include therapeutic exercise, percutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation, functional electrical stimulation, etc. Early rehabilitation therapy may exist some risks in the process of application, but the risk is very small, and it is safe and feasible, it is worth to be popularized in ICU, suggest to formulate guidelines to standardize the clinical application.