高速公路收费亭作业场所职业卫生现况调查

Investigation on occupational health status in work places of highway toll booths

目的监测与评价高速公路收费亭作业环境,为改善其条件、保护从业人员健康提供依据。方法依据GB3095-2012、GBZ 1-2010、GBZ 2.1-2007、GBZ 2.2-2007和GBZ 159-2004等,对福建省内沿海6家高速公路收费亭作业场所存在的有害因素进行检测与分析。结果收费亭内外空气中的CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2和总粉尘浓度,均超过环境空气质量标准中的二级标准和室内空气中CO_2卫生标准,但低于国家职业接触限值;除CO_2外,其它污染物浓度亭外均高于亭内。收费亭内外的噪声强度和8h等效声级均高于国家交通干线两侧昼间噪声标准,噪声频谱特性为高、中、低频率均有的非稳态噪声;亭内外温度和相对湿度相差不大,亭内风速、热辐射低于亭外。结论高速公路收费亭作业环境受多种有害因素污染,应加强职业病危害评价,加强从业人员个人防护和职业健康监护。

Objective To inspect and analyze harmful factors in the workplace of highway toll booths,improve the work environment conditions for protecting the staff＇s physical and mental health.Methods According to GB 3095-2012,GBZ 1-2010,GBZ 2.1-2007 and GBZ 2.2-2007,etc,the harmful factors both inside and outside pavilions of six highway toll booths were investigated and analyzed in Fujian.Results The indoor and outdoor concentration of CO,CO_2,NO_x,SO_2 and total dust exceeded in the secondary standard of GB 3095-2012,but lower than GBZ 2.1-2007.The outdoor concentration of CO,NO_x,SO_2 and total dust were higher than that of indoor except for CO_2.The noise level and LEX,8h were both exceeded GB 3096-2008.The frequency characteristic was unsteady noise with high,medium and low frequencies.Both inside and outside temperature and relative humidity were similar,but the wind speed and thermal radiation inside were significantly lower than that of outside.Conclusion There are many harmful factors in the work place of highway toll booths.Occupational disease hazard assessment and personal protection and occupational health care should be strengthen for highway toll booths.