ICU中心静脉导管相关性感染的危险因素分析与护理研究

目的对ICU 中心静脉导管相关性感染的危险因素和护理进行探讨和分析.方法：对40 例导管感染患者中360 例次中心静脉置管患者作为研究对象,对他们的临床特点、危险因素和护理的关系进行研究.结果：①股静脉、颈静脉和锁骨下静脉插管的的感染率中,股静脉置管最高,锁骨下静脉最低.②导管留置的时间越长,感染发生率越高.③单腔导管留置感染率为15.87%,低于双腔导管留置的41.67%.④革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌和真菌的感染率分别为61.18%、27.06%和11.76%.结论：严格中心静脉置管护理,提高患者机体免疫力,缩短置管时间,加强护士手卫生的管理和穿刺部位消毒,对降低中心静脉置管相关性感染的发生具有非常重要的作用.

objective: central venous catheter related infections in ICU of the risk factors and nursing were discussed and analyzed. Methods: in our hospital in December 2013- December 2014, 40 patients with catheter infections in ICU patients, 360 cases patients with central venous catheter as the research object, to their clinical characteristics, the relationship between risk factors and nursing research. Results:(1) femoral vein and jugular vein and subclavian vein intubation of infection rates were 33.33%, 21.18% and 18.60%, respectively, the femoral vein catheter is highest, lowest subclavian vein.(2) catheter indwelling the longer, the higher the incidence of infection.(3) single lumen catheter indwelling infection rate was 15.87%, less than 41.67% of the double lumen catheter indwelling. 4. Gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria and fungi infection rates were 61.18%, 27.06% and 11.76%, respectively. Conclusion: central venous catheter nursing strictly, and improve the patients' immunity, shortening the time of catheter, strengthen nurse's hand hygiene management and puncture disinfection, to reduce the occurrence of central venous catheter related infections has a very important role.