无线传感器网络中载体的自主移动策略

Autonomous mobile strategy of carrier in wireless sensor network

针对部署在复杂环境中或者不易抵达区域的无线传感器网络(WSN)由于受环境影响,其节点修复、定点投放或搜索救援等环节存在人身安全、不易修复等问题,提出一种WSN中载体的自主移动策略。该策略首先基于少量锚节点,结合最大似然估计算法和接收的信号强度指示(RSSI)定位技术实现移动载体自身定位;然后依靠数学模型,根据当前获取的定位信息及目标节点坐标,完成下一步目标节点的选取和前进角度的修正,以最终实现移动载体的自主移动。仿真结果表明,该策略能够确保载体沿较短路径,在较短时间内到达目的地;且传感器节点密度越大,该策略成功率越高,分别对规模为130、180、300的无线传感器网络进行了仿真,成功率高达96.7%。

Concerning the limitations of person safety and difficulties in nodes repair, placement, search and rescue caused by complex or unreachable special areas where the Wireless Sensor Network（ WSN） deployed in, an autonomous mobile strategy of carrier in WSN was proposed. Firstly, the localization of the carrier with fewer anchor nodes was realized by combining the maximum likelihood method and Received Signal Strength Indication（ RSSI）. Then, relying on the mathematical model, carrier moved autonomously in WSN by acquiring current position information and target node coordinates to amend the direction angle and select the next target node. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can ensure the carrier to reach the destination along the shorter path and in less time, and the higher the density of sensor nodes is, the more likely this strategy will succeed. The WSN with 130, 180 and 300 nodes were simulated respectively, and the success rate was as high as 96. 7%.