我中心儿童青少年患者使用抗精神病药的不良反应报告分析

Analysis of ADR Reports Caused by Psychotropic Drugs in Children and Adolescent of Our Center

目的:了解我中心儿童青少年患者使用抗精神病药的不良反应(ADR)发生特点,为临床用药提供参考。方法:对我中心2005-2015年收集上报的儿童青少年患者服用抗精神病药所致ADR进行回顾性调查、分析。结果:共收集上报ADR报告177例。其中,引起较多ADR的药物有利培酮、奥氮平和喹硫平等非典型抗精神病药。最常见的ADR主要累及器官/系统是中枢及外周神经系统损害117例(占37.86%),其次为内分泌紊乱35例(占11.32%)、心率及心律紊乱32例(占10.35%)和肝胆系统损害17例(占5.50%)。引起ADR的剂量按照氟哌啶醇相对效价计算在4、6、8 mg/d发生ADR例数较多(分别是34、29、53例),ADR发生时间在1周内发生的较多(94例,占53.11%)。结论:临床应加强儿童青少年患者抗精神病药的临床应用和ADR的监测,包括门诊、住院及长期用药患者,确保患者用药安全。

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the characteristics of ADR induced by psychotropic drugs in children and adolescent of our center,and to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS：ADR induced by psychotropic drugs in children and adolescent reported by our center from 2005 to 2015 were investigated and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS：A total of 177 ADR were collected,of which the most cases were induced by antipsychotic drugs as risperidonal,olanzapine and quetiepine. The most common ADR were central and peripheral nervous system disorders（117 cases,37.86%）,followed by endocrine disorder（35 cases,11.32%）,heart rate and rhythm disorders（32 cases,10.35%）and liver and biliary system disorders（17 cases,5.50%）. By the relative titer of haloperidol,most of ADR were induced by haloperidol with dose of 4 mg,6 mg and 8 mg once a day（34,29 and53 cases）. Most of cases occurred within a week（94 cases,53.11%）. CONCLUSIONS：To develop and strengthen clinical application and ADR monitoring of psychotropic drugs in children and adolescents should be regarded as the key to ensure drug use safety.