媒体医药信息对辽宁省居民自我诊疗行为影响

Effects of medical information in media on self-diagnosis and self-mediation behaviors among adult residents in Liaoning province

目的了解媒体医药信息对居民自我诊断、自我药疗行为的影响。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法对辽宁省2 981名城乡居民进行问卷调查。结果 43.8%和11.7%的居民关注或信任媒体健康信息,11.6%的居民曾参加过商家举办的产品推广活动;根据媒体信息进行自我诊断和自我药疗的发生率分别为36.8%和43.2%;单因素分析显示,城市户籍、40~59岁、高收入、高中文化水平的居民自我诊断、自我药疗和诊断治疗发生率均明显高于其他人群;关注、信任、参加活动居民的自我诊疗率明显高于无以上行为居民;经多因素分析,城市居民自我诊疗行为是农村居民的1.50~2.87倍,自我诊疗行为随健康状况的下降而升高,关注、信任媒体医药信息、参加相关推广活动使自我诊疗行为增加0.48~2.14倍。结论媒体医药信息对居民自我诊疗行为产生明显影响,政府应加大信息发布的审批和监管力度,减少居民不合理用药的行为。

Objective To analyze the effects of health and medicine information from media on self-diagnosis and self-medication behaviors in adult residents of Liaoning province. Methods By using cross-sectional design,2 981 adults in Liaoning province were selected with multistage cluster random sampling and surveyed with a questionnaire face-toface. Results Of all the respondents,43. 8% paid attention to and 11. 7% trusted the health information from the media（ newspaper,journal,television,and broadcasting）; 11. 6% reported the involvement in the sales promotion for medical products sponsored by enterprises. There were 36. 8% and 43. 2% of the respondents reporting the experiences of self-diagnosis and self-medication based on the medical information from the media. The results of univariate analysis demonstrated that the respondents living in urban area,aged 40- 59 years,having higher income,and with the education of senior high school reported significantly higher rates of self-diagnosis and self-medication compared to other respondents; the respondents concerning and trusting the medication information form the media and taking part in sales promotion of medical products tended to conduct more self-diagnosis and self-medication than those not interesting with the information and the promotion. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the urban respondents were more likely to have self-diagnosis,self-medication,and the self-diagnosis and medication than the rural respondents,with the odds ratio of 2. 87,1. 50,and 2. 42,respectively; the behaviors of self-diagnosis and self-medication were inversely correlated with health status and positively with the concern and trust with medication information from the media and the involvement in the sales promotion of medical products among the respondents. Conclusion The medication information from media have significant influence on self-diagnosis and self-medication of the residents in Liaoning province and governmental management on the release of the information needs to be improved to decrease inappropriate medication among the residents.