几内亚护理人员对埃博拉病毒病认知水平的调查分析

The investigation and analysis of Ebola cognitive level in Guinea nursing staff

目的了解几内亚护理人员对埃博拉病毒病(EVD)的认知程度,评价其认知水平,为进一步增强EVD防护措施提供依据。方法对180名几内亚护理人员进行问卷调查。自行设计调查问卷,内容包括被调查者的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、工作场所以及EVD的传染源、传播途径、易感人群、疾病临床表现及防控措施。结果对于EVD潜伏期的相关时间和观察周期,答对率为93.3%;社区不明原因死亡病例为疑似病例的答对率为78.1%;对于感染EVD的高危行为答对率76.2%;关于紫外线(阳光)可以杀灭病毒,答对率为44.5%;关于EVD在社区传播选项中,照顾病人需要防护措施,答对率为37.8%;洗手的含氯消毒液的浓度,答对率为42.7%;关于用消毒液进行手消毒的时间,答对率为36.6%;此样本中未见年龄、性别和工作地点造成答对率的显著差异。结论几内亚护理人员对EVD的基本临床表现及传播途径有着较好的认识;但是,作为医务工作者中的护理人员,在防护EVD具体措施细节上掌握欠佳,这需要引起几内亚各方的充分重视。今后在EVD培训中对护理人员应有针对性的进行培训。

Objective To investigate Guinea nurses awareness of Ebola virus（ Ebola virus disease）（ EVD） of the disease,to provide a basis for the further enhancement of Ebola protective measures. Methods The survey utilize Guinea Public Health Trainers opportunity to participate in the training of nurses for the investigation. The questionnaire was used in every training. A total of 164 people was surveyed,of whom 23 were male,121 were female. 20 people did not fill out the sex. The oldest people was 64 years old,and the youngest was 23 years old,with an average age of 44. 3 years. Results For the relevant time and latency EVD observation period,the correct answer rate was 93. 3%. Correct answer rate of community unexplained deaths of suspected cases of was 78. 1%. High-risk behavior for infection EVD was 76. 2%. About UV（ sunlight） can kill the virus,correct answer rate was 44. 5%. On the spread of the Ebola virus in the community options,patients need to take care of protective measures,the correct answer rate was 37. 8%. About the concentration of chlorine disinfectant to wash their hands,the correct answer rate was 42. 7%. On the use of disinfectant hand disinfection time,the correct answer rate was 36. 6%. This sample did not have a significant difference in age,gender and place of work in the rate of correct answers. Conclusion Guinea nurses has a better understanding of transmission on EVD basic clinical manifestations. However,medical workers in nursing need to attract sufficient Guinea parties attention in the protection EVD poor grasp details of specific measures. Ebola training for future nurses should be targeted for training.